This book presents a new FPGA architecture known as tree-based FPGA architecture, due to its hierarchical nature. This type of architecture has been relatively unexplored despite their better performance and predictable routing behavior, as compared to mesh-based FPGA architectures. In this book, we explore and optimize the tree-based architecture and we evaluate it by comparing it to equivalent mesh-based FPGA architectures. Provides a single-source reference, surveying and comparing mesh and tree-based FPGA architectures, including exploration of a number of techniques for both architectures and comparison using a large set of benchmarks; Describes in detail Computer-Aided-Design (CAD) flow of FPGAs which is used to map different circuits; Includes a survey of the current and future trends in FPGA design.